Ecological aspects of the urban avifauna of the Santo Antônio River, Caraguatatuba, São Paulo

Brazil has one of the highest levels of biodiversity in the world. The Atlantic Forest has high diversity and endemism. The objective of the study was to compare the richness, diversity, composition and trophic guilds of the avifauna in the urban corridor of the Santo Antônio River in Caraguatatuba, São Paulo. In the period from November 2016 to April 2017, twelve fixed points were established where each species was analyzed: identification and counting of the number of individuals, characterization of the type of activity and diet. The results indicate 2150 individuals belonging to 22 families, 11 orders, 41 genera and 44 species. Twenty-two of these species are likely residents, 20 residents and 2 are occasional and or survivors. Regarding diet, 25% were insectivores, 22.73% omnivores, 20.45% piscivores, 13.64% granivores, 9.09% frugivores, 6.82% nectarivores and 2.27% detritivores. The activity levels of the individuals was 45.21% resting, 22.42% foraging, 21.91% vocalizing and 10.46% displacement from one substrate to another. According to the diversity indexes of Simpson (0.8976) and Shannon (2.938), the bird community in this environment has a high level of diversity, considering the anthropic influence in the area.